Linear Technology

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The LT ® 1001 significantly advances the state-of-theart of precision operational amplifiers. In the design, processing, and testing of the device, particular attention has been paid to the optimization of the entire distribution of several key parameters. Consequently, the specifications of the lowest cost, commercial temperature device, the LT1001C, have been dramatically improved when compared to equivalent grades of competing precision amplifiers. Essentially, the input offset voltage of all units is less than 50µV (see distribution plot below). This allows the LT1001AM/883 to be specified at 15µV. Input bias and offset currents, common-mode and power supply rejection of the LT1001C offer guaranteed performance which were previously attainable only with expensive, selected grades of other devices. Power dissipation is nearly halved compared to the most popular precision op amps, without adversely affecting noise or speed performance. A beneficial by-product of lower dissipation is decreased warm-up drift. Output drive capability of the LT1001 is also enhanced with voltage gain guaranteed at 10mA of load current. For similar performance in a dual precision op amp, with guaranteed matching specifications, see the LT1002. Shown below is a platinum resistance thermometer application.

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The LT® 1008 is a universal precision operational amplifier that can be used in practically all precision applications. The LT1008 combines for the first time, picoampere bias currents (which are maintained over the full –55°C to 125°C temperature range), microvolt offset voltage (and low drift with time and temperature), low voltage and current noise, and low power dissipation. Extremely high common mode and power supply rejection ratios, and the ability to deliver 5mA load current with high voltage gain round out the LT1008’s superb precision specifications. The all around excellence of the LT1008 eliminates the necessity of the time consuming error analysis procedure of precision system design in many applications; the LT1008 can be stocked as the universal precision op amp. The LT1008 is externally compensated with a single capacitor for additional flexibility in shaping the frequency response of the amplifier. It plugs into and upgrades all standard LM108A/LM308A applications. For an internally compensated version with even lower offset voltage but otherwise similar performance see the LT1012

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The LT® 1021 is a precision reference with ultralow drift and noise, extremely good long term stability and almost total immunity to input voltage variations. The reference output will both source and sink up to 10mA. Three voltages are available: 5V, 7V and 10V. The 7V and 10V units can be used as shunt regulators (two-terminal zeners) with the same precision characteristics as the threeterminal connection. Special care has been taken to minimize thermal regulation effects and temperature induced hysteresis. The LT1021 references are based on a buried zener diode structure that eliminates noise and stability problems associated with surface breakdown devices. Further, a subsurface zener exhibits better temperature drift and time stability than even the best bandgap references. Unique circuit design makes the LT1021 the first IC reference to offer ultralow drift without the use of high power on-chip heaters. The LT1021-7 uses no resistive divider to set output voltage, and therefore exhibits the best long term stability and temperature hysteresis. The LT1021-5 and LT1021- 10 are intended for systems requiring a precise 5V or 10V reference with an initial tolerance as low as ±0.05%

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The LT ® 1039 is a triple RS232 driver/receiver that includes shutdown. Each receiver will accept up to ±30V input and can drive either TTL or CMOS logic. The RS232 drivers accept TTL logic inputs and output RS232 voltage levels. The outputs are fully protected against overload and can be shorted to ground or up to ±30V without damage to the drivers. Additionally, when the system is shut down or power is off, the outputs are in a high impedance state allowing data line sharing. Bipolar circuitry makes this driver/receiver exceptionally rugged against overloads and immune to latchup. A BIAS pin allows one receiver to be kept on while the rest of the part is shut down. The LT1039 is also available in the 16-pin version, without shutdown or BIAS pin functions. For applications requiring operation from a single 5V supply, see the LT1080/LT1081, LT1180A/LT1181A and LT1130A data sheets. For applications requiring 15kV ESD, see the LT1039A.

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The LT® 1072 is a monolithic high power switching regulator. It can be operated in all standard switching configurations including buck, boost, flyback, forward, inverting and “Cuk”. A high current, high efficiency switch is included on the die along with all oscillator, control, and protection circuitry. Integration of all functions allows the LT1072 to be built in a standard 5-pin TO-3 or TO-220 power package as well as the 8-pin miniDlP. This makes it extremely easy to use and provides “bust proof” operation similar to that obtained with 3-pin linear regulators. The LT1072 operates with supply voltages from 3V to 60V, and draws only 6mA quiescent current. It can deliver load power up to 20 watts with no external power devices. By utilizing current-mode switching techniques, it provides excellent AC and DC load and line regulation. The LT1072 has many unique features not found even on the vastly more difficult to use low power control chips presently available. It uses an adaptive anti-sat switch drive to allow very wide ranging load currents with no loss in efficiency. An externally activated shutdown mode reduces total supply current to 50µA typical for standby operation. Totally isolated and regulated outputs can be generated by using the optional “flyback regulation mode” built into the LT1072, without the need for optocouplers or extra transformer windings.

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The LT ®1078 is a micropower dual op amp in 8-pin packages including the small outline surface mount package. The LT1079 is a micropower quad op amp offered in the standard 14-pin packages. Both devices are optimized for single supply operation at 5V. ±15V specifications are also provided. Micropower performance of competing devices is achieved at the expense of seriously degrading precision, noise, speed and output drive specifications. The design effort of the LT1078/LT1079 was concentrated on reducing supply current without sacrificing other parameters. The offset voltage achieved is the lowest on any dual or quad nonchopper stabilized op amp—micropower or otherwise. Offset current, voltage and current noise, slew rate and gain bandwidth product are all two to ten times better than on previous micropower op amps. The 1/f corner of the voltage noise spectrum is at 0.7Hz, at least three times lower than on any monolithic op amp. This results in low frequency (0.1Hz to 10Hz) noise performance which can only be found on devices with an order of magnitude higher supply current. Both the LT1078 and LT1079 can be operated from a single supply (as low as one lithium cell or two Ni-Cad batteries). The input range goes below ground. The allNPN output stage swings to within a few millivolts of ground while sinking current—no power consuming pull down resistors are needed.

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The LT® 1112 dual and LT1114 quad op amps achieve a new standard in combining low cost and outstanding precision specifications. The performance of the selected prime grades matches or exceeds competitive devices. In the design of the LT1112/ LT1114 however, particular emphasis has been placed on optimizing performance in the low cost plastic and SO packages. For example, the 75µV maximum offset voltage in these low cost packages is the lowest on any dual or quad non-chopper op amp. The LT1112/LT1114 also provide a full set of matching specifications, facilitating their use in such matching dependent applications as two and three op amp instrumentation amplifiers. Another set of specifications is furnished at ±1V supplies. This, combined with the low 320µA supply current per amplifier, allows the LT1112/LT1114 to be powered by two nearly discharged AA cells

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The LTLT1171 are monolithic high powerswitching regulators. They can be operated in all standard switching configurations including buck, boost, flyback, forward, inverting and “Cuk.” A high current, high efficiency switch is included on the die along with all oscillator, control and protection circuitry. Integration of all functions allows the LT1170/LT1171/LT1172 to be built in a standard 5-pin TO-3 or TO-220 power package as well as the 8-pin packages (LT1172). This makes them extremely easy to use and provides “bust proof” operation similar to that obtained with 3-pin linear regulators. The LT1170/LT1171/LT1172 operate with supply voltages from 3V to 60V, and draw only 6mA quiescent current. They can deliver load power up to 100W with no external power devices. By utilizing current-mode switching techniques, they provide excellent AC and DC load and line regulation. The LT1171 have many unique features not found even on the vastly more difficult to use low power control chips presently available. They use adaptive antisat switch drive to allow very wide ranging load currents with no loss in efficiency. An externally activated shutdown mode reduces total supply current to 50µA typically for standby operation.

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The 8-pin LT ® 1249 provides active power factor correction for universal offline power systems with very few external parts. By using fixed high frequency PWM current averaging without the need for slope compensation, the LT1249 achieves far lower line current distortion, with a smaller magnetic element than systems that use either peak current detection or zero current switching approach, in both continuous and discontinuous modes of operation. The LT1249 uses a multiplier containing a square gain function from the voltage amplifier to reduce the AC gain at light output load and thus maintains low line current distortion and high system stability. The LT1249 also provides filtering capability to reject line switching noise which can cause instability when fed into the multiplier. Line current dead zone is minimized with low bias voltage at the current input to the multiplier. The LT1249 provides many protection features including peak current limiting and overvoltage protection. The switching frequency is internally set at 100kHz. While the LT1249 simplifies PFC design with minimal parts count, the LT1248 provides flexibilities in switching frequency, overvoltage and current limit.

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The LTC® 1043 is a monolithic, charge-balanced, dual switched capacitor instrumentation building block. A pair of switches alternately connects an external capacitor to an input voltage and then connects the charged capacitor across an output port. The internal switches have a break-before-make action. An internal clock is provided and its frequency can be adjusted with an external capacitor. The LTC1043 can also be driven with an external CMOS clock. The LTC1043, when used with low clock frequencies, provides ultra precision DC functions without requiring precise external components. Such functions are differential voltage to single-ended conversion, voltage inversion, voltage multiplication and division by 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. The LTC1043 can also be used for precise V–F and F–V circuits without trimming, and it is also a building block for switched capacitor filters, oscillators and modulators. The LTC1043 is manufactured using Linear Technology’s enhanced LTCMOSTM silicon gate process.

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The LTC® 1050 is a high performance, low cost zero-drift operational amplifier. The unique achievement of the LTC1050 is that it integrates on-chip the two sample-andhold capacitors usually required externally by other chopper amplifiers. Further, the LTC1050 offers better combined overall DC and AC performance than is available from other chopper stabilized amplifiers with or without internal sample-and-hold capacitors. The LTC1050 has an offset voltage of 0.5µV, drift of 0.01µV/°C, DC to 10Hz, input noise voltage of 1.6µVP-P and a typical voltage gain of 160dB. The slew rate of 4V/µs and a gain bandwidth product of 2.5MHz are achieved with only 1mA of supply current. Overload recovery times from positive and negative saturation conditions are 1.5ms and 3ms respectively, which represents an improvement of about 100 times over chopper amplifiers using external capacitors. Pin 5 is an optional external clock input, useful for synchronization purposes. The LTC1050 is available in standard 8-pin metal can, plastic and ceramic dual-in-line packages as well as an SO-8 package. The LTC1050 can be an improved plug-in replacement for most standard op amps.

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